This non-destructive evaluation method utilizes mechanical transverse waves to detect flaws and characterize material properties. Unlike longitudinal waves, these waves oscillate perpendicularly to the direction of propagation, offering enhanced sensitivity to certain types of defects, such as those oriented parallel to the surface. As an example, the technique is frequently employed to examine welds for cracks and porosity, revealing imperfections that might be missed by other methods.
Its significance stems from its ability to inspect materials in situations where access is limited to one side or where high resolution is required. The technique proves especially valuable in industries like aerospace, oil and gas, and manufacturing, where structural integrity is paramount. Historically, it evolved from early ultrasonic testing practices, refined to leverage the unique characteristics of transverse waves for improved flaw detection and material characterization.